Vision enhances robot performance by providing accurate spatial data, allowing for precise positioning of end of arm tooling. It increases adaptability by allowing cobots to handle a variety of tasks without reprogramming.

Primary applications include assembly line automation, where vision guides robots in placing and fastening components; quality inspection, where it detects defects and ensures product conformity; and material handling, where it aids in picking and placing items with high accuracy.

Benefits include enhanced precision in tasks such as assembly and inspection, improved safety through real-time environment monitoring, and increased flexibility in handling diverse and complex tasks. Vision systems also enable cobots to work more effectively alongside human operators.

Integration involves mounting a camera on the robot, calibrating the vision system to the robot's coordinate system, and programming the robot to interpret and act on the visual data. This process may require specialised software and expertise in both robotics and computer vision.

Considerations include the accuracy and speed of the vision system, compatibility with existing robotic hardware and software, the complexity of the tasks to be performed, and the system's ability to operate in various lighting conditions. Cost and ease of integration are also important factors.

3D vision in robotics involves using stereoscopic cameras or structured light to capture depth information, enabling robots to perceive and interact with their environment in three dimensions. This technology is essential for tasks requiring high precision and spatial awareness.